iOS Socket通讯 - Socket C/S实例

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iOS提供的Socket网络编程的接口有CFSocket，BSD Socket，比较著名的第三方库是AsyncSocket。

  • BSD Socket 是UNIX系统中通用的网络接口，它不仅支持各种不同的网络类型，而且也是一种内部进程之间的通信机制。而iOS系统其实本质就是UNIX，所以可以用，但是比较复杂。
  • CFSocket 是苹果提供给我们的使用Socket的方式。
  • AsyncSocket 是一个应用比较广泛的开源库。

下面我们用代码来演示如何使用AsyncSocket来创建一个服务器和客户端。

AsyncSocket全名是CocoaAsyncSocket，它的GitHub地址点此访问。AsyncSocket使用CocoaPods安装和拖放安装有所不同。CocoaPods上的版本只有GCDAsyncSocket，GItHub上多了RunloopAsyncSocket，而后者现在已经弃用，建议直接使用CocoaPods安装。

缺点是onsocketWillDisconnect这个代理方法在GCD的版本里暂时没有，也没有找到替代方法。

下面开始使用AsyncSocket编写服务器端的程序，首先说一下要实现的目的：

  1. 用户输入昵称，将昵称发送给服务器，服务器返回在线名单；
  2. 客户端收到在线名单，利用在线名单生成联系人列表；
  3. 点击联系人列表，用户和服务器进行对话；

下面开始进入正题：

Server

这里创建的是Mac的Application，首先创建：

Socket单例类

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class MySocket: GCDAsyncSocketDelegate {
    private var listener: GCDAsyncSocket!
    static let sharedSocket = MySocket()
    private init() {
        let globalQueue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0)
        listener = GCDAsyncSocket(delegate: self,delegateQueue: globalQueue)
        listener.delegate = self
    }
}

添加3个属性，创建监听的方法：

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var isRuning: Bool = false
var port: UInt16!
var host: String!
func startListen() {
if !isRuning {
    do {
        try listener.acceptOnPort(port)
        print("开始监听 \(host) \(port)")
        isRuning = true
    }
    catch {
        print("服务开启失败")
    }
}
else {
    print("重新监听")
    listener.disconnect()
    for connectionSocket in connectionSockets {
        connectionSocket.disconnect()
    }
    isRuning = false
}
}

添加一个属性，创建发送方法：

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var currentSocket: GCDAsyncSocket!
func sendMessage(message: NSData) {
    currentSocket.writeData(message, withTimeout: -1, tag: 0)
    print("发送消息")
}

添加发送消息成功和连接成功两个代理方法：

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var connectionSockets: [GCDAsyncSocket] = []
@objc func socket(sock: GCDAsyncSocket, didWriteDataWithTag tag: Int) {
    print("发送消息成功之后回调")
    listener.readDataWithTimeout(-1, tag: tag)
}
@objc func socket(sock: GCDAsyncSocket, didAcceptNewSocket newSocket: GCDAsyncSocket) {
    newSocket.readDataWithTimeout(-1, tag: 0)
    connectionSockets.append(newSocket)
    print("收到新的socket")
    print(sock.userData)
}

添加收到消息的代理事件方法，并处理收到的消息：

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var currentHost: String!
var recivieMessage: (String -> ())!
var userStates: [[String!]] = []
@objc func socket(sock: GCDAsyncSocket, didReadData data: NSData, withTag tag: Int) {
    let msg = String(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
    recivieMessage(msg!)
    let tmpMsg = msg?.componentsSeparatedByString(":")
    if tmpMsg?.first == "user" {
        do {
            currentHost = "\(sock.connectedHost!)"
            let tmpArr = [currentHost, "\(tmpMsg![1])", "1"]
            userStates.append(tmpArr)
            let json = try NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(userStates, options: .PrettyPrinted)
            sock.writeData(json, withTimeout: -1, tag: 0)
        }
        catch {
            print("传输出错")
        }
        
    }
    sock.readDataWithTimeout(-1, tag: 0)
    currentSocket = sock
}

添加断开连接的代理事件方法：

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@objc func socketDidDisconnect(sock: GCDAsyncSocket, withError err: NSError?) {
    print("socket连接已经关闭 \(err)")
    for i in 0..<userStates.count {
        if userStates[i][0] == currentHost {
            userStates[i][2] = "0"
            let msg = "\(userStates[i][1])已下线"
            sendMessages(msg, sockets: connectionSockets)
        }
    }
}

此时服务器的Socket封装已经做好了，下面是：

Server UI

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class ViewController: NSViewController, GCDAsyncSocketDelegate {
    
    @IBOutlet weak var messageField: NSTextField!
    @IBOutlet weak var receiveField: NSTextField!
    
    var socket: MySocket!
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        socket = MySocket.sharedSocket
        socket.port = 1234
        socket.host = "127.0.0.1"
        socket.startListen()
        socket.recivieMessage = { msg in
            self.receiveField.stringValue = msg
        }
    }
    
    override var representedObject: AnyObject? {
        didSet {
            // Update the view, if already loaded.
        }
    }
    
    
    @IBAction func sendButtonDidTouch(sender: AnyObject) {
        
        if messageField.stringValue.isEmpty {
            receiveField.stringValue = "请输入消息"
        }
        else {
            socket.sendMessage(("msg:" + messageField.stringValue).dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
            messageField.stringValue = ""
        }
    }
}

下面是客户端的制作，这里是iOS的Application：

Client

同样首先封装一个Socket单例类：

Socket单例类

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class MySocket: GCDAsyncSocketDelegate {
    var port: UInt16!
    var host: String!
    
    private var listener: GCDAsyncSocket!
    static let sharedSocket = MySocket()
    
    private init() {
        let globalQueue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0)
        listener = GCDAsyncSocket(delegate: self,delegateQueue: globalQueue)
    }
    }

客户端和服务器的区别是不需要监听，但需要连接，所以创建连接服务器的方法：

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func connectToServer() {
    do {
        try listener.connectToHost(host, onPort: port)
    }
    catch {
        print("连接服务器出错")
    }
}

创建消息发送的方法：

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func sendMessage(message: NSData) {
    listener.writeData(message, withTimeout: -1, tag: 0)
}

添加消息发送成功后的代理方法：

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@objc func socket(sock: GCDAsyncSocket, didWriteDataWithTag tag: Int) {
    print("发送消息成功之后回调")
    listener.readDataWithTimeout(-1, tag: tag)
}

创建两个闭包，添加接收消息的代理方法，并处理接收的数据：

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var receiveMessage: (String -> ())!
   var receuveUserStates: (NSArray -> Void)!
   
   @objc func socket(sock: GCDAsyncSocket, didReadData data: NSData, withTag tag: Int) {
       
       let receive = String(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
       let tmpMsg = receive?.componentsSeparatedByString(":")
       
       if tmpMsg?.first == "msg" {
           receiveMessage(receive!)
       }
       else {
           do {
               let receive = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options: .MutableLeaves) as! NSArray
               receuveUserStates(receive)
           }
           catch {
               print("读取Json出错")
           }
       }
       sock.readDataWithTimeout(-1, tag: 0)
   }

这样客户端的Socket就封装好了，下面是客户端的UI部分：

Client UI

客户端的UI比较复杂，分为3层，第一层是用户输入自己的昵称，将昵称发送到服务器，服务器返回在线名单，利用在线名单进入下一层。

第一层

搭建UI，点击发送时连接服务器并发送格式消息，利用闭包将传回的数据并打开第二层：

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class MainVC: UIViewController {
    
    @IBOutlet weak var nicenameField: UITextField!
    
    var userStates: NSArray!
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        MySocket.sharedSocket.receuveUserStates = { arr in
            self.userStates = arr
            let tableVC = TableVC()
            print(self.userStates)
            tableVC.userStates = self.userStates
            dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), { 
                self.presentViewController(tableVC, animated: true, completion: nil)
            })
            print("闭包userStates")
        }
    }
    override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
        super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
        
    }
    @IBAction func submitButtonClicked(sender: AnyObject) {
        
        if nicenameField.text == "" {
            let alert = UIAlertController(title: "提示", message: "请输入昵称", preferredStyle: .Alert)
            let action = UIAlertAction(title: "好的", style: .Default, handler: { (action) in
                print("提示框被点击")
            })
            alert.addAction(action)
            self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
        }
        else {
            let socket = MySocket.sharedSocket
            socket.host = "127.0.0.1"
            socket.port = 1234
            socket.connectToServer()
            socket.sendMessage("user:\(nicenameField.text!)".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
        }
    }
    }

第二层

利用收到的在线名单，创建TableView列表，点击列表项时打开第三层：

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class TableVC: UITableViewController {
    
    var nickname: String!
    var myNavigationBar: UINavigationBar!
    
    var userStates: NSArray!
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        installUI()
        print(userStates)
    }
    override func tableView(tableView: UITableView, heightForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath) -> CGFloat {
        return 44
    }
    
    override func numberOfSectionsInTableView(tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        return 1
    }
    override func tableView(tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return userStates.count
    }
    
    override func tableView(tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath) {
        print(indexPath.row)
        let ioVC = IOVC()
        let tmpArr = userStates[indexPath.row] as! NSArray
        ioVC.nickname = tmpArr[1] as! String
        self.presentViewController(ioVC, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
    
    
    override func tableView(tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier("TableCell", forIndexPath: indexPath) as! TableCell
        let tmpArr = userStates[indexPath.row] as! NSArray
        cell.nicknameLabel.text = (tmpArr[1] as? String)!
        print(tmpArr[1] as? String)
        if tmpArr[2] as! String == "1" {
            cell.stateView.backgroundColor = UIColor.greenColor()
        }
        return cell
    }
    
    func installUI() {
        
        let nib = UINib(nibName: "TableCell", bundle: nil)
        self.tableView.registerNib(nib, forCellReuseIdentifier: "TableCell")
        
        let screenRect = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds
        myNavigationBar = UINavigationBar(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, screenRect.size.width, 64))
        myNavigationBar.tintColor = UIColor.redColor()
        let navigationTitleItem = UINavigationItem(title: "当前在线")
        myNavigationBar.pushNavigationItem(navigationTitleItem, animated: true)
        myNavigationBar.barStyle = .Black
        self.tableView.tableHeaderView = myNavigationBar
    }
}

第三层

点击发送对话到服务器，利用闭包将服务器返回的消息显示在这里：

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class IOVC: UIViewController {
    
    var nickname: String!
    var messageField: UITextField!
    var submitButton: UIButton!
    var receiveView: UITextView!
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        installUI(nickname)
        MySocket.sharedSocket.receiveMessage = { receive in
            
            dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), { 
                self.receiveView.text = receive
            })
        }
    }
    func submitButtonDidTouch() {
        
        if messageField.text == "" {
            let alert = UIAlertController(title: "提示", message: "发送消息不能为空", preferredStyle: .Alert)
            let action = UIAlertAction(title: "好的", style: .Default, handler: { (action) in
                print("提示框被点击")
            })
            alert.addAction(action)
            self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
        }
        else {
            let message = ("\(nickname):"+messageField.text!).dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
            let socket = MySocket.sharedSocket
            socket.sendMessage(message!)
            messageField.text = ""
        }
    }
    
    func installUI(nickname: String) {
        
        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor(red: 0/255, green: 204/255, blue: 102/255, alpha: 1)
        
        let screenBouns = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds
        let navigationBar = UINavigationBar(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: screenBouns.size.width, height: 64))
        let navigationTitle = UINavigationItem(title: nickname)
        navigationBar.pushNavigationItem(navigationTitle, animated: true)
        navigationBar.barStyle = .Black
        self.view.addSubview(navigationBar)
        
        messageField = UITextField(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: screenBouns.size.width, height: 30))
        messageField.center = self.view.center
        messageField.center.y = messageField.center.y + 30
        messageField.borderStyle = .None
        messageField.textAlignment = .Center
        messageField.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(14)
        messageField.textColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
        self.view.addSubview(messageField)
        
        let topCutLine = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 0, width: screenBouns.size.width - 40, height: 1))
        topCutLine.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
        topCutLine.center = messageField.center
        topCutLine.center.y = messageField.center.y - 20
        self.view.addSubview(topCutLine)
        
        let bottomCutLine = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 0, width: screenBouns.size.width - 40, height: 1))
        bottomCutLine.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
        bottomCutLine.center = messageField.center
        bottomCutLine.center.y = messageField.center.y + 20
        self.view.addSubview(bottomCutLine)
        
        submitButton = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 0, width: screenBouns.size.width - 40, height: 44))
        submitButton.backgroundColor = UIColor.darkGrayColor()
        submitButton.layer.cornerRadius = 5
        submitButton.setTitle("发送到服务器", forState: .Normal)
        submitButton.titleLabel?.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)
        submitButton.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: .Normal)
        submitButton.center = self.view.center
        submitButton.center.y = self.view.frame.size.height - 68
        submitButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(IOVC.submitButtonDidTouch), forControlEvents: .TouchUpInside)
        self.view.addSubview(submitButton)
        
        receiveView = UITextView(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 0, width: screenBouns.size.width - 40, height: 88))
        receiveView.textAlignment = .Center
        receiveView.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
        receiveView.text = "等待回复"
        receiveView.textColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
        receiveView.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(14)
        receiveView.center = self.view.center
        receiveView.center.y = 120
        self.view.addSubview(receiveView)
        
    }
}

Demo下载请点击这里